$ sudo fdisk -l                                                         
...
Disk /dev/ram0: 4.8 GiB, 5120000000 bytes, 10000000 sectors                                   
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes                                                         
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 8192 bytes                                        
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 8192 bytes / 8192 bytes
...
Disk /dev/sda: 465.8 GiB, 500107862016 bytes, 976773168 sectors                               
Disk model: ST500DM002-1BD14                                                                  
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes                                                         
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes                                        
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes                                          
Disklabel type: gpt
Disk identifier: C16B3C7C-2596-448D-A4BA-4A7554CD734A                                        

Device     Start       End   Sectors   Size Type                                             
/dev/sda1   2048 976773119 976771072 465.8G Linux filesystem                                 
...

Disk /dev/sdc: 3.7 TiB, 4000787030016 bytes, 7814037168 sectors
Disk model: ST4000NM000A-2HZ
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
...

$ sudo fdisk /dev/sdc

Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.33.1).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.

The old LVM2_member signature will be removed by a write command.

Device does not contain a recognized partition table.
The size of this disk is 3.7 TiB (4000787030016 bytes). DOS partition table format cannot be used on drives for volumes larger than 2199023255040 bytes for 512-byte sectors. Use GUID partition table format (GPT).

Created a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0xe461c452.

Command (m for help):

Command (m for help): m                                                              

Help:

  DOS (MBR)
   a   toggle a bootable flag
   b   edit nested BSD disklabel
   c   toggle the dos compatibility flag

  Generic
   d   delete a partition
   F   list free unpartitioned space
   l   list known partition types
   n   add a new partition
   p   print the partition table
   t   change a partition type
   v   verify the partition table
   i   print information about a partition

  Misc
   m   print this menu
   u   change display/entry units
   x   extra functionality (experts only)

  Script
   I   load disk layout from sfdisk script file
   O   dump disk layout to sfdisk script file

  Save & Exit
   w   write table to disk and exit
   q   quit without saving changes
                                                                                             
  Create a new label                                                                         
   g   create a new empty GPT partition table                                                
   G   create a new empty SGI (IRIX) partition table                                         
   o   create a new empty DOS partition table
   s   create a new empty Sun partition table

ommand (m for help): g
Created a new GPT disklabel (GUID: D53735F6-8E14-504D-BDA5-89DB97A770DF).                    
The old LVM2_member signature will be removed by a write command.

Command (m for help): n

Partition number (1-128, default 1):

First sector (2048-7814037134, default 2048):

Last sector, +/-sectors or +/-size{K,M,G,T,P} (2048-7814037134, default 7814037134):         

Created a new partition 1 of type 'Linux filesystem' and of size 3.7 TiB.

Command (m for help): o
The size of this disk is 3.7 TiB (4000787030016 bytes). DOS partition table format cannot be used on drives for volumes larger than 2199023255040 bytes for 512-byte sectors. Use GUID partition table format (GPT).

Created a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0xe3e2291c.
The old LVM2_member signature will be removed by a write command.

Command (m for help): n
Partition type
   p   primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
   e   extended (container for logical partitions)

Select (default p): p

Partition number (1-4, default 1): 1

First sector (2048-4294967295, default 2048):

Last sector, +/-sectors or +/-size{K,M,G,T,P} (2048-4294967294, default 4294967294): 

Created a new partition 1 of type 'Linux' and of size 2 TiB.

Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered.
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.

$ sudo fdisk -l
...
Disk /dev/sdc: 3.7 TiB, 4000787030016 bytes, 7814037168 sectors
Disk model: ST4000NM000A-2HZ
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: gpt
Disk identifier: 74A6DB69-8C91-654F-9F61-A9F38D7F2A34

Device     Start        End    Sectors  Size Type
/dev/sdc1   2048 7814037134 7814035087  3.7T Linux filesystem
...

$ sudo mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdc1
mke2fs 1.44.5 (15-Dec-2018)
Creating filesystem with 976754384 4k blocks and 244195328 inodes
Filesystem UUID: 87746749-1922-4682-9b4e-3a67be1d9498
Superblock backups stored on blocks: 
        32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208, 
        4096000, 7962624, 11239424, 20480000, 23887872, 71663616, 78675968, 
        102400000, 214990848, 512000000, 550731776, 644972544

Allocating group tables: done                            
Writing inode tables: done                            
Creating journal (262144 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done

sudo mount /dev/sdc1 /home/songtianlun/data

$ cat /etc/fstab 
# /etc/fstab: static file system information.
#
# Use 'blkid' to print the universally unique identifier for a
# device; this may be used with UUID= as a more robust way to name devices
# that works even if disks are added and removed. See fstab(5).
#
# <file system> <mount point>   <type>  <options>       <dump>  <pass>
# / was on /dev/sda7 during installation
UUID=4ae9f128-7cee-48fd-998c-4257e394fa4a /               ext4    errors=remount-ro 0       1
# /boot/efi was on /dev/sda1 during installation
UUID=A5EB-573A  /boot/efi       vfat    umask=0077      0       1
/swapfile                                 none            swap    sw              0       0

# /dev/sda1
/dev/sda1    /    ext4    rw,relatime    0    1
UUID=4ae9f128-7cee-48fd-998c-4257e394fa4a /               ext4    errors=remount-ro 0       1

# <file system> <mount point>   <type>  <options>       <dump>  <pass>
# 要挂载的分区设备号    挂载点    文件系统类型    挂载选项    是否备份    是否检测

$ blkid
/dev/sda1: UUID="e943af1e-72cf-4b72-b444-859b9610256f" TYPE="ext4" PARTUUID="161a8c3f-871d-45f6-a25f-466bf16f6035"

UUID=4ae9f128-7cee-48fd-998c-4257e394fa4a /               ext4    errors=remount-ro     0       1
/dev/sda1       /               ext4            rw,relatime     0       1

mount -a

$ lsblk 
NAME   MAJ:MIN RM   SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda      8:0    0 465.8G  0 disk 
└─sda1   8:1    0 465.8G  0 part /
sdc      8:32   0   3.7T  0 disk 
└─sdc1   8:33   0   3.7T  0 part /home/songtianlun/data

$ df -h
文件系统        容量  已用  可用 已用% 挂载点
/dev/sda1       459G  8.6G  427G    2% /
...
/dev/sdc1       3.6T   89M  3.4T    1% /home/songtianlun/data