TL;DR

配置 ingress 服务时调整一下大小即可：

apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1
kind: Ingress
metadata:
  name: cafe-ingress-with-annotations
  annotations:
    nginx.org/proxy-connect-timeout: "30s"
    nginx.org/proxy-read-timeout: "20s"
    nginx.org/client-max-body-size: "4m"
    nginx.org/server-snippets: |
      location / {
        return 302 /coffee;
      }      
spec:
  rules:
  - host: cafe.example.com
    http:
      paths:
      - path: /tea
        pathType: Prefix
        backend:
          service:
            name: tea-svc
            port:
              number: 80
      - path: /coffee
        pathType: Prefix
        backend:
          service:
            name: coffee-svc
            port:
              number: 80

References

• Nginx Ingress returns 413 Entity Too Large
• Advanced configuration with Annotations